---
title: Then rising, he took the infant in his strong arms; gently he laid t… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Then rising, he took the infant in his strong arms; gently he laid the black-eyed babe in his daughter's lap. Who acts: child. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iya, the Camp-eater, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iya, the Camp-eater, sentence 14

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Then rising, he took the infant in his strong arms; gently he laid the black-eyed babe in his daughter's lap.

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**Who acts:** child · **What happens:** rise, take, lay · **To what, where:** infant, eyed babe, lap

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iya, the Camp-eater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:13:14
# text = Then rising, he took the infant in his strong arms; gently he laid the black-eyed babe in his daughter's lap.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	infant	infant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
17	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	eyed	eyed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	babe	babe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	's	's	PART	POS	_	23	case	_	_
25	lap	lap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | gerund | child *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **take** | past | child | the infant |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent infant=Theme |
| 3 | **lay** | past | child | the eyed babe |  | child's daughter's lap |  | gently *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent babe=Theme in lap=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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