---
title: Thus rushing out into the open, he listened for strange sounds. — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus rushing out into the open, he listened for strange sounds. Who acts: chieftain. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iya, the Camp-eater, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iya, the Camp-eater, sentence 76

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Thus rushing out into the open, he listened for strange sounds.

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**Who acts:** chieftain · **What happens:** rush out, listen

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iya, the Camp-eater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chieftain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:13:76
# text = Thus rushing out into the open, he listened for strange sounds.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	rushing	rush	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	listened	listen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rush out** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **listen** | past | chieftain |  |  |  |  | for strange sounds | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for sound=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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