---
title: Then moving closer to the woman, he whispered: “If he wakes now, he… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Then moving closer to the woman, he whispered: “If he wakes now, he will swallow the whole tribe with one hideous gulp! Who acts: Iya. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iya, the Camp-eater, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iya, the Camp-eater, sentence 93

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then moving closer to the woman, he whispered: “If he wakes now, he will swallow the whole tribe with one hideous gulp!

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**Who acts:** Iya · **What happens:** move, whisper, wake, swallow · **To what, where:** whole tribe · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iya, the Camp-eater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iya), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:13:93
# text = Then moving closer to the woman, he whispered: “If he wakes now, he will swallow the whole tribe with one hideous gulp!
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	moving	move	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
3	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	whispered	whisper	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	wakes	wake	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
15	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	swallow	swallow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	tribe	tribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
25	hideous	hideous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	gulp	gulp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | gerund | Iya *not said here* |  |  |  | then | close *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **whisper** *speech: express* | past | Iya |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **wake** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | Iya |  |  |  | now |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **swallow** *in a quote* | future | Iya | the whole tribe |  |  |  | with one hideous gulp | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tribe=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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