---
title: Thus he skipped confidently along jerking the old weather-eaten rawh… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus he skipped confidently along jerking the old weather-eaten rawhide spasmodically till all of a sudden it gave way and Manstin fell headlong into the water. Who acts: water, rawhide, Manstin. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Manstin, the Rabbit, with its dependency tree and the 
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Manstin, the Rabbit, sentence 73

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus he skipped confidently along jerking the old weather-eaten rawhide spasmodically till all of a sudden it gave way and Manstin fell headlong into the water.

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**Who acts:** water, rawhide, Manstin · **What happens:** skip, jerk, eat, give, fall · **To what, where:** old eaten rawhide, way, water

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Manstin, the Rabbit. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (water, rawhide, Manstin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:14:73
# text = Thus he skipped confidently along jerking the old weather-eaten rawhide spasmodically till all of a sudden it gave way and Manstin fell headlong into the water.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	skipped	skip	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	confidently	confidently	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	along	along	ADP	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	jerking	jerk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
9	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	rawhide	rawhide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
13	spasmodically	spasmodically	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	till	till	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	nmod	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
21	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	Manstin	Manstin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
24	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
25	headlong	headlong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	xcomp	_	_
26	into	into	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skip** | past | water |  |  |  |  | confidently, thus *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **jerk** | gerund | water *not said here* | the old eaten rawhide |  |  | till all |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rawhide=Theme |
| 3 | **eat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **give** | past | rawhide | way |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme |
| 5 | **fall** | past | Manstin |  |  |  |  | into the water *result*; headlong *property* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into water=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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