---
title: Muttering indistinct words, Manstin ran up the last hill and lo! in… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Muttering indistinct words, Manstin ran up the last hill and lo! in the ravine beyond stood the terrible monster with a face in front and one in the back of his head! Who acts: Manstin. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Manstin, the Rabbit, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Manstin, the Rabbit, sentence 9

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Muttering indistinct words, Manstin ran up the last hill and lo! in the ravine beyond stood the terrible monster with a face in front and one in the back of his head!

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**Who acts:** Manstin · **What happens:** mutter, run up, stand · **To what, where:** indistinct words, last hill, terrible monster, ravine

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Manstin, the Rabbit. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Manstin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:14:9
# text = Muttering indistinct words, Manstin ran up the last hill and lo! in the ravine beyond stood the terrible monster with a face in front and one in the back of his head!
1	Muttering	mutter	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	advcl	_	_
2	indistinct	indistinct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	Manstin	Manstin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
12	lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	18	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	ravine	ravine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
17	beyond	beyond	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	monster	monster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	conj	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mutter** *speech: assert* | gerund | Manstin *not said here* | indistinct words |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic |
| 2 | **run up** | past | Manstin | the last hill |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hill=Trajectory |
| 3 | **stand** | past | Manstin *not said here* | the terrible monster |  | the ravine |  | with a face; in front; in the back of MANSTIN's head; beyond *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent monster=Theme in ravine=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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