---
title: They descended a deep valley, the Fire going foremost until they cam… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: They descended a deep valley, the Fire going foremost until they came to a river. Who acts: others, Fire. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Warlike Seven, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, The Warlike Seven, sentence 5

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They descended a deep valley, the Fire going foremost until they came to a river.

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**Who acts:** others, Fire · **What happens:** descend, go, come · **To what, where:** deep valley, river

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Warlike Seven. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (others, Fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:15:5
# text = They descended a deep valley, the Fire going foremost until they came to a river.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	descended	descend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	foremost	foremost	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **descend** | past | others *= other* | a deep valley |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location valley=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | gerund | the Fire *not said here* |  |  |  |  | foremost *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come** | past | others *= other* |  |  | a river |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to river=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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