---
title: The Fish swam hither and thither with such frolicsome darts that his… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The Fish swam hither and thither with such frolicsome darts that his back fin made the water fly. Who acts: Fish, back fin. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Warlike Seven, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, The Warlike Seven, sentence 61

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The Fish swam hither and thither with such frolicsome darts that his back fin made the water fly.

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**Who acts:** Fish, back fin · **What happens:** swim, make · **To what, where:** such frolicsome darts

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Warlike Seven. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fish, back fin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:15:61
# text = The Fish swam hither and thither with such frolicsome darts that his back fin made the water fly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Fish	Fish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swam	swim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hither	hither	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	thither	thither	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	frolicsome	frolicsome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	darts	dart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obj	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	fin	fin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	fly	fly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** | past | the Fish |  |  |  |  | with such frolicsome darts; hither *property* | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with dart=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | past | Fish's back fin | such frolicsome darts |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset that=Beneficiary fly=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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