---
title: The brisk wind which stirred the fire also played with a squeaky old… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: The brisk wind which stirred the fire also played with a squeaky old tree beside Iktomi's wigwam. Who acts: brisk wind. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, sentence 111

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The brisk wind which stirred the fire also played with a squeaky old tree beside Iktomi's wigwam.

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**Who acts:** brisk wind · **What happens:** stir, play · **To what, where:** fire

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brisk wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:2:111
# text = The brisk wind which stirred the fire also played with a squeaky old tree beside Iktomi's wigwam.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	brisk	brisk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	stirred	stir	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	squeaky	squeaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	wigwam	wigwam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stir** | past | the brisk wind | the fire |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus fire=Experiencer |
| 2 | **play** | past | the brisk wind |  |  |  |  | with a squeaky old tree beside Iktomi's wigwam | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with tree=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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