---
title: With wicked smacks of his dry parched lips, as if tasting some tende… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: With wicked smacks of his dry parched lips, as if tasting some tender meat, he looked straight into space toward the marshy river bottom. Who acts: dry parched lips, some, IKTOMI. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, sentence 29

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With wicked smacks of his dry parched lips, as if tasting some tender meat, he looked straight into space toward the marshy river bottom.

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**Who acts:** dry parched lips, some, IKTOMI · **What happens:** parch, taste, tender, look, smack · **To what, where:** meat, dry parched lips

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dry parched lips, some, IKTOMI), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:2:29
# text = With wicked smacks of his dry parched lips, as if tasting some tender meat, he looked straight into space toward the marshy river bottom.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	smacks	smack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
6	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	parched	parch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	lips	lip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	tasting	taste	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
13	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	nsubj	_	_
14	tender	tender	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	_
15	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
20	into	into	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
24	marshy	marshy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
25	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **parch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **taste** *a condition, not said to happen* | gerund | IKTOMI's dry parched lips *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **tender** | present | some | meat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **look** | past | IKTOMI |  |  |  |  | with wicked smacks of IKTOMI's dry parched lips; toward the marshy river bottom; into space | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent into space=Theme |
| 5 | **smack** |  |  | IKTOMI's dry parched lips |  |  |  |  | nom smack «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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