---
title: With a thin palm shading his eyes from the western sun, he peered fa… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: With a thin palm shading his eyes from the western sun, he peered far away into the lowlands, munching his own cheeks all the while. Who acts: thin palm, IKTOMI, munching. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, sentence 30

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With a thin palm shading his eyes from the western sun, he peered far away into the lowlands, munching his own cheeks all the while.

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**Who acts:** thin palm, IKTOMI, munching · **What happens:** shade, peer, munch, cheek · **To what, where:** eyes, own

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thin palm, IKTOMI, munching), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:2:30
# text = With a thin palm shading his eyes from the western sun, he peered far away into the lowlands, munching his own cheeks all the while.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	palm	palm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
5	shading	shade	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	peered	peer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	_
16	away	away	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	lowlands	lowland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	munching	munch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	csubj	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	obj	_	_
24	cheeks	cheek	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	_
25	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	27	det:predet	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	while	while	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shade** | gerund | a thin palm *not said here* | IKTOMI's eyes |  |  |  | from the western sun | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent eye=Beneficiary from sun=Theme |
| 2 | **peer** | past | IKTOMI |  |  |  |  | with a thin palm; away *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **munch** | gerund |  | IKTOMI's own |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent own=Patient |
| 4 | **cheek** | present | munching |  |  |  | while |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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