---
title: Nudging himself again, wily Iktomi said, “My friends, 't is only a p… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Nudging himself again, wily Iktomi said, “My friends, 't is only a pack of songs I carry in my blanket.” Who acts: wily Iktomi, t. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, sentence 56

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nudging himself again, wily Iktomi said, “My friends, 't is only a pack of songs I carry in my blanket.”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wily Iktomi, t · **What happens:** nudge, say, be, carry · **To what, where:** IKTOMI, pack, songs, blanket · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wily Iktomi, t), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:2:56
# text = Nudging himself again, wily Iktomi said, “My friends, 't is only a pack of songs I carry in my blanket.”
1	Nudging	nudge	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
2	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	1	obj	_	_
3	again	again	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	wily	wily	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	t	t	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	only	only	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	pack	pack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	ccomp	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	blanket	blanket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nudge** | gerund | wily Iktomi *not said here* | IKTOMI |  |  | again |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | wily Iktomi |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | t | a pack |  |  |  | of songs | tree rules |
| 4 | **carry** *in a quote* | present | wily Iktomi *= iktomi* | songs *not said here* |  | my blanket |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent song=Value in blanket=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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