---
title: There beside Iktomi's bundle of songs lay half of their crowd--flat… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: There beside Iktomi's bundle of songs lay half of their crowd--flat on their backs. Who acts: songs. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/2/92/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Old Indian Legends](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/) / [Iktomi and the Ducks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/2/) / 92

# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Ducks, sentence 92

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There beside Iktomi's bundle of songs lay half of their crowd--flat on their backs.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** songs · **What happens:** lay · **To what, where:** half, bundle

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Ducks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (songs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:2:92
# text = There beside Iktomi's bundle of songs lay half of their crowd--flat on their backs.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
2	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	bundle	bundle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	8	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	flat	flat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	backs	back	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | songs | half of half's crowd and flat |  | Iktomi's bundle; there |  | on half's backs | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent half=Theme beside bundle=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 91](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/2/91/)
- next →: [sentence 93](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/2/93/)
- ↑ back to [Iktomi and the Ducks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/2/)