---
title: Thus running up the hillside, his teeth chattering all the way, he d… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus running up the hillside, his teeth chattering all the way, he drew near to Inyan, the sacred symbol. Who acts: wind, teeth. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi's Blanket, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi's Blanket, sentence 53

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Thus running up the hillside, his teeth chattering all the way, he drew near to Inyan, the sacred symbol.

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**Who acts:** wind, teeth · **What happens:** run up, chatter, draw · **To what, where:** hillside, way, Inyan

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi's Blanket. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wind, teeth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:3:53
# text = Thus running up the hillside, his teeth chattering all the way, he drew near to Inyan, the sacred symbol.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hillside	hillside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	appos	_	_
9	chattering	chatter	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	12	det:predet	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	near	near	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Inyan	Inyan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	sacred	sacred	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run up** | gerund | wind *not said here* | the hillside |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hillside=Trajectory |
| 2 | **chatter** | gerund | wind's teeth *not said here* | all way |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **draw** | past | wind |  | Inyan |  |  | near *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to inyan=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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