---
title: “Ah, has he gone so fast ahead that the disturbed grasses in his tra… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: “Ah, has he gone so fast ahead that the disturbed grasses in his trail have quieted again?” exclaimed Iktomi. Who acts: Iktomi. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Muskrat, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Muskrat, sentence 53

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Ah, has he gone so fast ahead that the disturbed grasses in his trail have quieted again?” exclaimed Iktomi.

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**Who acts:** Iktomi · **What happens:** go, disturb, quiet, exclaim · **To what, where:** disturbed grasses · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Muskrat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:4:53
# text = “Ah, has he gone so fast ahead that the disturbed grasses in his trail have quieted again?” exclaimed Iktomi.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
9	ahead	ahead	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	disturbed	disturb	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	grasses	grass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	trail	trail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	quieted	quiet	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	advcl	_	_
19	again	again	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
22	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
23	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** *in a quote* | present · perfect | Iktomi |  |  |  |  | ahead *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **disturb** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **quiet** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | the disturbed grasses in Iktomi's trail |  |  | again |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **exclaim** *speech: express* | past | Iktomi |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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