---
title: He lay there lazily on Iktomi's shoulders, now and then blinking blu… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: He lay there lazily on Iktomi's shoulders, now and then blinking blue winks. Who acts: Iktomi. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Coyote, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Coyote, sentence 32

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He lay there lazily on Iktomi's shoulders, now and then blinking blue winks.

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**Who acts:** Iktomi · **What happens:** lie, blink · **To what, where:** shoulders, blue winks

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:5:32
# text = He lay there lazily on Iktomi's shoulders, now and then blinking blue winks.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
4	lazily	lazily	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
13	blinking	blink	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
14	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	winks	wink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | Iktomi |  |  | Iktomi's shoulders; there | now | lazily *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on shoulder=Location |
| 2 | **blink** | gerund | Iktomi *not said here* | blue winks |  |  | then |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wink=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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