---
title: Rolling over and over on the grass and rubbing the sides of his head… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Rolling over and over on the grass and rubbing the sides of his head against the ground, the coyote soon put out the fire on his fur. Who acts: coyote. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Coyote, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Coyote, sentence 60

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rolling over and over on the grass and rubbing the sides of his head against the ground, the coyote soon put out the fire on his fur.

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**Who acts:** coyote · **What happens:** roll, rub, put out · **To what, where:** grass, sides, ground, fire, fur

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (coyote), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Checked tree.** This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (`gutenberg:pg338:349`): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:5:60
# text = Rolling over and over on the grass and rubbing the sides of his head against the ground, the coyote soon put out the fire on his fur.
1	Rolling	roll	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	advcl	_	_
2	over	over	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	2	conj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	rubbing	rub	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	against	against	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	coyote	coyote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
21	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	22	advmod	_	_
22	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
23	out	out	ADP	RP	_	22	compound:prt	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	on	on	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | gerund | the coyote *not said here* |  |  | the grass |  | over *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on grass=Trajectory |
| 2 | **rub** | gerund | the coyote *not said here* | the sides of Iktomi's head |  | the ground |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent side=Theme against ground=Destination |
| 3 | **put out** | past | the coyote | the fire |  | Iktomi's fur |  | soon *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme on fur=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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