---
title: There was no Iktomi, but two arrows stood ready to fly. — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: There was no Iktomi, but two arrows stood ready to fly. Who acts: Iktomi, two arrows. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Fawn, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Fawn, sentence 76

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was no Iktomi, but two arrows stood ready to fly.

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**Who acts:** Iktomi, two arrows · **What happens:** be, stand, fly

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Fawn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iktomi, two arrows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:6:76
# text = There was no Iktomi, but two arrows stood ready to fly.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | no Iktomi |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **stand** | past | two arrows |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **fly** | to-infinitive | two arrows *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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