---
title: There was one, however, who did not even smile. — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: There was one, however, who did not even smile. Who acts: one. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Badger and the Bear, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/7/101/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Old Indian Legends](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/) / [The Badger and the Bear](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/7/) / 101

# Old Indian Legends, The Badger and the Bear, sentence 101

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was one, however, who did not even smile.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** one · **What happens:** be, not smile

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Badger and the Bear. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:7:101
# text = There was one, however, who did not even smile.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
5	however	however	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
8	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	even	even	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	smile	smile	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | one |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **smile** | past · do-support |  |  |  |  |  | however *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 100](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/7/100/)
- next →: [sentence 102](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/7/102/)
- ↑ back to [The Badger and the Bear](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/7/)