---
title: Sprinkling water upon the heated heap of sacred stones within, he ma… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Sprinkling water upon the heated heap of sacred stones within, he made ready to purge his body. Who acts: father. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Badger and the Bear, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, The Badger and the Bear, sentence 134

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Sprinkling water upon the heated heap of sacred stones within, he made ready to purge his body.

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**Who acts:** father · **What happens:** sprinkle, heat, make, purge · **To what, where:** water, heated heap, body

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Badger and the Bear. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:7:134
# text = Sprinkling water upon the heated heap of sacred stones within, he made ready to purge his body.
1	Sprinkling	sprinkle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	heated	heat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	sacred	sacred	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	within	within	ADP	IN	_	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	purge	purge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sprinkle** | gerund | father *not said here* | water |  | the heated heap of sacred stones |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme upon heap=Destination |
| 2 | **heat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **make** | past | father |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **purge** | to-infinitive | father *not said here* | father's body |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent body=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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