---
title: All these I have found here on this spot,” said he, stamping his hea… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: All these I have found here on this spot,” said he, stamping his heavy foot. Who acts: pair. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Badger and the Bear, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, The Badger and the Bear, sentence 63

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All these I have found here on this spot,” said he, stamping his heavy foot.

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**Who acts:** pair · **What happens:** find, say, stamp · **To what, where:** these, spot, heavy foot · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Badger and the Bear. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:7:63
# text = All these I have found here on this spot,” said he, stamping his heavy foot.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	2	det:predet	_	_
2	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	ccomp	_	_
6	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	stamping	stamp	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present · perfect · passive |  | these |  | this spot; here |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | pair |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **stamp** *in a quote* | gerund | pair *not said here* | pair's heavy foot |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent foot=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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