---
title: “My friend, toss to me your arrow that I may have the honor of wipin… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: “My friend, toss to me your arrow that I may have the honor of wiping it clean on soft deerskin!” exclaimed Iktomi. Who acts: friend, arrow, honor, Iktomi. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, The Tree-bound, sentence 104

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“My friend, toss to me your arrow that I may have the honor of wiping it clean on soft deerskin!” exclaimed Iktomi.

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**Who acts:** friend, arrow, honor, Iktomi · **What happens:** arrow, have, wipe, exclaim · **To what, where:** honor, soft deerskin · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend, arrow, honor, Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:8:104
# text = “My friend, toss to me your arrow that I may have the honor of wiping it clean on soft deerskin!” exclaimed Iktomi.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	toss	toss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	honor	honor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	wiping	wipe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	xcomp	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	deerskin	deerskin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
25	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
26	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrow** *in a quote* |  | My friend and toss to me |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | may | your arrow | the honor |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent honor=Patient |
| 3 | **wipe** *in a quote* | gerund | the honor *not said here* | honor |  | soft deerskin |  | clean *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme on deerskin=Trajectory |
| 4 | **exclaim** *speech: express* | past | Iktomi |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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