---
title: Every morning rose this terrible red bird out of a high chalk bluff… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Every morning rose this terrible red bird out of a high chalk bluff and spreading out his gigantic wings soared slowly over the round camp ground. Who acts: morning, this, spreading. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# Old Indian Legends, The Tree-bound, sentence 13

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Every morning rose this terrible red bird out of a high chalk bluff and spreading out his gigantic wings soared slowly over the round camp ground.

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**Who acts:** morning, this, spreading · **What happens:** rise, bird, spread out, soar · **To what, where:** high chalk bluff, gigantic wings, round camp ground

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (morning, this, spreading), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:8:13
# text = Every morning rose this terrible red bird out of a high chalk bluff and spreading out his gigantic wings soared slowly over the round camp ground.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nsubj	_	_
5	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	chalk	chalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	bluff	bluff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
15	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	csubj	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	gigantic	gigantic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
20	soared	soar	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	over	over	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
24	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
25	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past | every morning |  |  | a high chalk bluff |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent out bluff=Location |
| 2 | **bird** |  | this |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **spread out** | gerund |  | Perchance's gigantic wings |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wing=Theme |
| 4 | **soar** | past | spreading |  |  | the round camp ground |  | slowly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme over ground=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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