---
title: When the last one fell, he ran thither and picking up his magic arro… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: When the last one fell, he ran thither and picking up his magic arrow wiped it carefully on the soft grass. Who acts: last one, buffalo, picking. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, The Tree-bound, sentence 49

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When the last one fell, he ran thither and picking up his magic arrow wiped it carefully on the soft grass.

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**Who acts:** last one, buffalo, picking · **What happens:** fall, run, pick up, wipe · **To what, where:** magic arrow, arrow, soft grass

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (last one, buffalo, picking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:8:49
# text = When the last one fell, he ran thither and picking up his magic arrow wiped it carefully on the soft grass.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	thither	thither	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
11	picking	pick	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	csubj	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	magic	magic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
16	wiped	wipe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | the last one |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **run** | past | buffalo |  |  |  |  | thither *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **pick up** | gerund |  | buffalo's magic arrow |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arrow=Topic |
| 4 | **wipe** | past | picking | arrow |  | the soft grass |  | carefully *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme on grass=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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