---
title: Iktomi heard the swish! swish! of the stranger's feet through the ta… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Iktomi heard the swish! swish! of the stranger's feet through the tall grass. Who acts: Iktomi, feet. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, The Tree-bound, sentence 86

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Iktomi heard the swish! swish! of the stranger's feet through the tall grass.

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**Who acts:** Iktomi, feet · **What happens:** hear, swish · **To what, where:** swish, tall grass

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iktomi, feet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:8:86
# text = Iktomi heard the swish! swish! of the stranger's feet through the tall grass.
1	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	swish	swish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
6	swish	swish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
13	through	through	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | Iktomi | the swish |  | the tall grass |  | swish of the stranger's feet *obl* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer swish=Stimulus |
| 2 | **swish** |  | the stranger's feet |  |  |  |  |  | nom swish «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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