---
title: He hovered over the round village as if he could pounce down upon it… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: He hovered over the round village as if he could pounce down upon it and devour the whole tribe. Who acts: avenger. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Shooting of the Red Eagle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Shooting of the Red Eagle, sentence 30

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He hovered over the round village as if he could pounce down upon it and devour the whole tribe.

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**Who acts:** avenger · **What happens:** hover, pounce down, devour · **To what, where:** round village, village, whole tribe

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Shooting of the Red Eagle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (avenger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:9:30
# text = He hovered over the round village as if he could pounce down upon it and devour the whole tribe.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hovered	hover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	pounce	pounce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
12	down	down	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	devour	devour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	tribe	tribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hover** | past | avenger |  |  | the round village |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over village=Location |
| 2 | **pounce down** | could | avenger |  |  | village |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon it=Trajectory |
| 3 | **devour** | infinitive | avenger *not said here* | the whole tribe |  |  |  |  | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tribe=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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