---
title: When the first arrow shot up into the sky the anxious watchers thrus… — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: When the first arrow shot up into the sky the anxious watchers thrust a hand quickly over their half-uttered “hinnu!” Who acts: first arrow, anxious watchers. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Shooting of the Red Eagle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Shooting of the Red Eagle, sentence 31

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When the first arrow shot up into the sky the anxious watchers thrust a hand quickly over their half-uttered “hinnu!”

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**Who acts:** first arrow, anxious watchers · **What happens:** shoot up, thrust, utter · **To what, where:** sky, hand, watchers

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Shooting of the Red Eagle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first arrow, anxious watchers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:9:31
# text = When the first arrow shot up into the sky the anxious watchers thrust a hand quickly over their half-uttered “hinnu!”
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	shot	shoot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	anxious	anxious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	watchers	watcher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	thrust	thrust	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
17	over	over	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	21	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	uttered	utter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	advcl	_	_
22	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	hinnu	hinnu	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	21	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shoot up** | past | the first arrow |  |  | the sky |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **thrust** | infinitive | the anxious watchers | a hand |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |
| 3 | **utter** *speech: other* | participle · passive |  | watchers *= watcher* |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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