---
title: Grown-ups and children sneered and hooted at Iktomi's disgrace. — Old Indian Legends · tree and pragmatics
description: Grown-ups and children sneered and hooted at Iktomi's disgrace. Who acts: Grown ups, Iktomi. A sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Shooting of the Red Eagle, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Old Indian Legends, Shooting of the Red Eagle, sentence 47

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Grown-ups and children sneered and hooted at Iktomi's disgrace.

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**Who acts:** Grown ups, Iktomi · **What happens:** grow, sneer, hoot, disgrace · **To what, where:** disgrace

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This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Shooting of the Red Eagle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Grown ups, Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg338:9:47
# text = Grown-ups and children sneered and hooted at Iktomi's disgrace.
1	Grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	ups	up	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	sneered	sneer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	hooted	hoot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	disgrace	disgrace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sneer** | participle | Grown ups and children |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **hoot** | participle | Grown ups and children *not said here* |  |  | Iktomi's disgrace |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at disgrace=Location |
| 4 | **disgrace** |  | Iktomi |  |  |  |  |  | nom disgrace «state transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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