---
title: It is true that Prince Ricardo did kill the Yellow Dwarf; but that w… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: It is true that Prince Ricardo did kill the Yellow Dwarf; but that was in fair fight, sword in hand, and the dwarf, peace to his ashes! died in harness. Who acts: cruelty, Ricardo, that, dwarf peace. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 1, with its dependen
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 1, sentence 21

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is true that Prince Ricardo did kill the Yellow Dwarf; but that was in fair fight, sword in hand, and the dwarf, peace to his ashes! died in harness.

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**Who acts:** cruelty, Ricardo, that, dwarf peace · **What happens:** be, kill, die · **To what, where:** Yellow Dwarf, fair fight

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cruelty, Ricardo, that, dwarf peace), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:1:21
# text = It is true that Prince Ricardo did kill the Yellow Dwarf; but that was in fair fight, sword in hand, and the dwarf, peace to his ashes! died in harness.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:desc	_	_
6	Ricardo	Ricardo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	kill	kill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	Dwarf	Dwarf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
26	dwarf	dwarf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
28	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	28	punct	_	_
33	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	harness	harness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | cruelty |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **kill** | past · do-support | Ricardo  Prince | the Yellow Dwarf |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dwarf=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | that |  |  | fair fight and sword in hand |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **die** | past | the dwarf peace to peace's ashes |  |  |  |  | in harness | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in harness=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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