---
title: Our stories are almost all old, some from Ireland, before that islan… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Our stories are almost all old, some from Ireland, before that island was as celebrated for her wrongs as for her verdure; some from Asia, made, I dare say, before the Aryan invasion; some from Moydart, Knoydart, Morar and Ardnamurchan, where the sea streams run like great clear rivers and the saw-e
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 1, sentence 51

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our stories are almost all old, some from Ireland, before that island was as celebrated for her wrongs as for her verdure; some from Asia, made, I dare say, before the Aryan invasion; some from Moydart, Knoydart, Morar and Ardnamurchan, where the sea streams run like great clear rivers and the saw-edged hills are blue, and men remember Prince Charlie.

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**Who acts:** stories, Asia, I, sea streams, edged hills, men · **What happens:** be, celebrate, make, dare, say, run · **To what, where:** Moydart, island, great clear rivers, Prince Charlie · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stories, Asia, I, sea streams), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:1:51
# text = Our stories are almost all old, some from Ireland, before that island was as celebrated for her wrongs as for her verdure; some from Asia, made, I dare say, before the Aryan invasion; some from Moydart, Knoydart, Morar and Ardnamurchan, where the sea streams run like great clear rivers and the saw-edged hills are blue, and men remember Prince Charlie.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	conj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
13	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
14	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
16	as	as	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	celebrated	celebrate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	wrongs	wrong	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
21	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	24	case	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
23	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	verdure	verdure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
26	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	28	det	_	_
27	from	from	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
30	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	dare	dare	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
34	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
36	before	before	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	Aryan	Aryan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	invasion	invasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	43	punct	_	_
41	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	43	det	_	_
42	from	from	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	Moydart	Moydart	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
45	Knoydart	Knoydart	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
47	Morar	Morar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	conj	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
49	Ardnamurchan	Ardnamurchan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
51	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	55	advmod	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
53	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	compound	_	_
54	streams	stream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	55	nsubj	_	_
55	run	run	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	43	acl:relcl	_	_
56	like	like	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
57	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	amod	_	_
58	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	amod	_	_
59	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	55	obl	_	_
60	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	65	cc	_	_
61	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	65	det	_	_
62	saw	saw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	64	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	62	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	edged	edge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	65	amod	_	_
65	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	67	nsubj	_	_
66	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	67	cop	_	_
67	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
68	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	71	punct	_	_
69	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	71	cc	_	_
70	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	71	nsubj	_	_
71	remember	remember	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	55	conj	_	_
72	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	73	compound	_	_
73	Charlie	Charlie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	71	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
74	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Our stories |  |  | some Moydart and Morar and Ardnamurchan |  | almost, old *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **celebrate** | past · passive |  | that island |  |  |  | for Ireland's wrongs; as Ireland's verdure | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme as verdure=Attribute |
| 3 | **make** | past | some Asia |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **dare** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  | before the Aryan invasion |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **run** | present | the sea streams |  |  |  |  | like great clear rivers | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **edge** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |
| 8 | **is** | present | the edged hills | great clear rivers *not said here* |  |  |  | blue *property* | tree rules |
| 9 | **remember** | present | men | Prince Charlie |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent charlie=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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