--- title: A neighbouring monarch, he explained, who had many more soldiers tha… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: A neighbouring monarch, he explained, who had many more soldiers than he, had declared war against him, and he was at his wits’ end, for he had neither money to buy him off nor soldiers enough to fight him--what was he to do? Who acts: neighbouring monarch, king, money. A sentence of «The Lilac Fair --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/15/101/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Lilac Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/) / [The Lilac Fairy Book, part 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/15/) / 101 # The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 15, sentence 101 A neighbouring monarch, he explained, who had many more soldiers than he, had declared war against him, and he was at his wits’ end, for he had neither money to buy him off nor soldiers enough to fight him--what was he to do? **Who acts:** neighbouring monarch, king, money · **What happens:** explain, have, declare, be, buy off, fight · **To what, where:** many more soldiers, war, end, money, king · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (neighbouring monarch, king, money), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg3454:15:101 # text = A neighbouring monarch, he explained, who had many more soldiers than he, had declared war against him, and he was at his wits’ end, for he had neither money to buy him off nor soldiers enough to fight him--what was he to do? 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 neighbouring neighbouring ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 monarch monarch NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 5 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 explained explain VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 9 nsubj _ _ 9 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 ccomp _ _ 10 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 11 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 12 amod _ _ 12 soldiers soldier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ _ 13 than than ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 declared declare VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 9 conj _ _ 18 war war NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 xcomp _ _ 19 against against ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 23 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 24 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 25 at at ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 26 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 wits wit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 28 ’ 's PART POS _ 27 case _ _ 29 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 for for ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 34 neither neither DET DT PronType=Neg 35 det _ _ 35 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 to to PART TO _ 37 mark _ _ 37 buy buy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 xcomp _ _ 38 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 iobj _ _ 39 off off ADP RP _ 37 compound:prt _ _ 40 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 41 cc _ _ 41 soldiers soldier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 conj _ _ 42 enough enough ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 43 to to PART TO _ 44 mark _ _ 44 fight fight VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 acl _ _ 45 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 46 -- -- PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 47 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 51 obj _ _ 48 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 51 cop _ _ 49 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 50 to to PART TO _ 51 mark _ _ 51 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 52 ? ? PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | a neighbouring monarch | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **have** | past | | many more soldiers | | | | than king | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soldier=Patient | | 3 | **declare** *speech: other* | past · perfect | | war against king | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | past | king | | | | at king's wits's end | | tree rules | | 5 | **have** | past | king | neither money | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **buy off** | to-infinitive | neither money *not said here* | | king | | | | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 7 | **fight** | to-infinitive | neither money *not said here* | king | | | | | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Co-Agent | | 8 | **is** | past | king | | | | | do *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 100](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/15/100/) - next →: [The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/16/1/) - ↑ back to [The Lilac Fairy Book, part 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/15/)