---
title: The enemy were in battle array, advancing over the plain, their king… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The enemy were in battle array, advancing over the plain, their king with them confident and cheerful, when suddenly from the front came a desperate rider at a furious gallop. Who acts: enemy, front. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16, with its depende
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16, sentence 26

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The enemy were in battle array, advancing over the plain, their king with them confident and cheerful, when suddenly from the front came a desperate rider at a furious gallop.

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**Who acts:** enemy, front · **What happens:** be, advance, come · **To what, where:** battle array, plain, desperate rider, furious gallop

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (enemy, front), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:16:26
# text = The enemy were in battle array, advancing over the plain, their king with them confident and cheerful, when suddenly from the front came a desperate rider at a furious gallop.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	array	array	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	advancing	advance	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
9	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	plain	plain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nmod	_	_
17	confident	confident	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
21	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	26	advmod	_	_
22	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
26	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	desperate	desperate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
30	at	at	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	furious	furious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	gallop	gallop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the enemy |  |  | battle array |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **advance** | gerund | the enemy *not said here* |  |  | the plain |  | confident *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme over plain=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **come** | past | the front | a desperate rider |  | a furious gallop |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location rider=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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