---
title: The latter was very humble and apologetic, and promised never to mak… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The latter was very humble and apologetic, and promised never to make war any more, to pay a large sum of money, and altogether do whatever his conqueror wished. Who acts: latter, conqueror. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16, with its dependency tree 
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16, sentence 53

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The latter was very humble and apologetic, and promised never to make war any more, to pay a large sum of money, and altogether do whatever his conqueror wished.

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**Who acts:** latter, conqueror · **What happens:** be, promise, not make, pay, do, wish · **To what, where:** war, large sum, whatever, money

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (latter, conqueror), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:16:53
# text = The latter was very humble and apologetic, and promised never to make war any more, to pay a large sum of money, and altogether do whatever his conqueror wished.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	humble	humble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	apologetic	apologetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	promised	promise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
14	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	any	any	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
29	whatever	whatever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	32	obj	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	conqueror	conqueror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
32	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the latter |  |  |  |  | humble *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the latter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past | the latter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **not** **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the latter *not said here* | war |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset war=Product |
| 5 | **pay** | to-infinitive | the latter *not said here* | a large sum of money |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sum=Asset |
| 6 | **do** | infinitive | the latter *not said here* |  |  |  |  | altogether *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **wish** | past | Moti's conqueror | whatever |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot whatever=Theme |
| 8 | **sum** |  |  | money |  |  |  |  | nom sum «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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