--- title: The muleteer in despair appealed to the two horseman, who were caref… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: The muleteer in despair appealed to the two horseman, who were carefully skirting the swamp at some distance off, but they paid no heed to his cries, and he began to talk cheerfully to his mule, hoping to keep up his spirits, declaring that if the poor beast would only have a little patience help wa --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/19/91/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Lilac Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/) / [The Lilac Fairy Book, part 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/19/) / 91 # The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 19, sentence 91 The muleteer in despair appealed to the two horseman, who were carefully skirting the swamp at some distance off, but they paid no heed to his cries, and he began to talk cheerfully to his mule, hoping to keep up his spirits, declaring that if the poor beast would only have a little patience help was sure to come. **Who acts:** two horseman, muleteer, poor beast, hoping · **What happens:** appeal, skirt off, pay, begin, talk, hope · **To what, where:** muleteer, swamp, heed, spirits, little patience help This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two horseman, muleteer, poor beast, hoping), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg3454:19:91 # text = The muleteer in despair appealed to the two horseman, who were carefully skirting the swamp at some distance off, but they paid no heed to his cries, and he began to talk cheerfully to his mule, hoping to keep up his spirits, declaring that if the poor beast would only have a little patience help was sure to come. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 muleteer muleteer NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 despair despair NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 appealed appeal VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl _ _ 6 to to ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 horseman horseman NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 11 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _ 12 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 13 carefully carefully ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 skirting skirt VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 conj _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 swamp swamp NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 17 at at ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 19 det _ _ 19 distance distance NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 20 off off ADP RP _ 14 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 but but CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 paid pay VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 25 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 26 det _ _ 26 heed heed NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 cries cry NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 32 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 34 to to PART TO _ 35 mark _ _ 35 talk talk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 xcomp _ _ 36 cheerfully cheerfully ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 37 to to ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ _ 39 mule mule NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 41 hoping hope VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 62 csubj _ _ 42 to to PART TO _ 43 mark _ _ 43 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 xcomp _ _ 44 up up ADP RP _ 43 compound:prt _ _ 45 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 46 nmod:poss _ _ 46 spirits spirit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 47 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 48 declaring declare VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 62 csubj _ _ 49 that that SCONJ IN _ 56 mark _ _ 50 if if SCONJ IN _ 56 mark _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 52 poor poor ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 53 amod _ _ 53 beast beast NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 nsubj _ _ 54 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 56 aux _ _ 55 only only ADV RB _ 56 advmod _ _ 56 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 48 advcl _ _ 57 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 58 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 60 amod _ _ 59 patience patience NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 compound _ _ 60 help help NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 obj _ _ 61 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 62 cop _ _ 62 sure sure ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 obl _ _ 63 to to PART TO _ 64 mark _ _ 64 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 62 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 65 . . PUNCT . _ 24 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **appeal** | participle | | the muleteer in despair *not said here* | | | | to the two horseman | vn appeal-31.4-2 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to horseman=Experiencer | | 2 | **skirt off** | past · progressive | the two horseman | the swamp | | | | at some distance; carefully *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme swamp=Co-Theme | | 3 | **pay** | past | the muleteer in despair | no heed | | | | to muleteer's cries | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heed=Asset | | 4 | **begin** | past | muleteer | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 5 | **talk** | to-infinitive | muleteer *not said here* | | | | | to muleteer's mule; cheerfully *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to mule=Co-Agent | | 6 | **hope** | gerund | | | | | | | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 7 | **keep up** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | mule's spirits | | | | | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent spirit=Theme | | 8 | **declare** *speech: other* | gerund | | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **have** *a condition, not said to happen* | would | the poor beast | a little patience help | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent help=Patient | | 10 | **is** | past | hoping | | | | | sure *property* | tree rules | | 11 | **come** | to-infinitive | hoping *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 12 | **cry** | | muleteer | | | | | | nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 90](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/19/90/) - next →: [sentence 92](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/19/92/) - ↑ back to [The Lilac Fairy Book, part 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/19/)