---
title: Again the Shifty Lad, who was on the watch, perceived him pass by, a… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Again the Shifty Lad, who was on the watch, perceived him pass by, and when he saw the man returning with the great bull he cried to the Black Rogue: Who acts: Shifty Lad, shepherd, man. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 2, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 2, sentence 46

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Again the Shifty Lad, who was on the watch, perceived him pass by, and when he saw the man returning with the great bull he cried to the Black Rogue:

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**Who acts:** Shifty Lad, shepherd, man · **What happens:** be, perceive, pass by, see, return, cry · **To what, where:** watch, shepherd, man, great bull, Black Rogue

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shifty Lad, shepherd, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:2:46
# text = Again the Shifty Lad, who was on the watch, perceived him pass by, and when he saw the man returning with the great bull he cried to the Black Rogue:
1	Again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Shifty	shifty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	Lad	Lad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	watch	watch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
12	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	returning	return	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	22	acl	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	acl:relcl	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	Black	Black	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
33	Rogue	Rogue	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the Shifty Lad |  |  | the watch |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **perceive** | past | the Shifty Lad | shepherd |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent he=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **pass by** | infinitive | the Shifty Lad *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **see** | past | shepherd | the man |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus |
| 5 | **return** | gerund | the man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the great bull | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | shepherd | the great bull *not said here* | the Black Rogue |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent bull=Topic to rogue=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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