---
title: So he mounted the stone steps that led to the battlements of the cit… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: So he mounted the stone steps that led to the battlements of the city, and stopped for a moment to gaze about him. Who acts: sun, stone steps. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 20, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 20, sentence 8

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So he mounted the stone steps that led to the battlements of the city, and stopped for a moment to gaze about him.

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**Who acts:** sun, stone steps · **What happens:** mount, lead, stop, gaze · **To what, where:** stone steps

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, stone steps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:20:8
# text = So he mounted the stone steps that led to the battlements of the city, and stopped for a moment to gaze about him.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	mounted	mount	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	battlements	battlement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	gaze	gaze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
23	about	about	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mount** | past | sun | the stone steps |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Patient |
| 2 | **lead** | past | the stone steps |  |  |  |  | to the battlements of the city | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to battlement=Patient |
| 3 | **stop** | past | sun *not said here* |  |  |  | moment |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **gaze** | to-infinitive | sun *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about sun | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent about he=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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