---
title: He wandered on hardly knowing where he went, and his face was so whi… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He wandered on hardly knowing where he went, and his face was so white and desperate that none of his companions dared speak to him. Who acts: prisoner, face, none. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 3, sentence 55

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wandered on hardly knowing where he went, and his face was so white and desperate that none of his companions dared speak to him.

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**Who acts:** prisoner, face, none · **What happens:** wander on, know, go, be, dare, speak · **To what, where:** prisoner · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prisoner, face, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:3:55
# text = He wandered on hardly knowing where he went, and his face was so white and desperate that none of his companions dared speak to him.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wandered	wander	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	knowing	know	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	desperate	desperate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	_
18	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
19	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	23	nsubj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	_
23	dared	dare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
24	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wander on** | past | prisoner |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **know** | gerund | prisoner *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hardly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **go** | past | prisoner |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | prisoner's face |  |  |  |  | white *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | prisoner's face *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **dare** | past | none |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive | none *not said here* |  | prisoner |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to he=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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