---
title: They were cousins, and as their mothers were great friends, and cons… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: They were cousins, and as their mothers were great friends, and constantly in and out of each other’s houses, they had often been laid in the same cradle, and had played and fought over their games. Who acts: kinds. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 33, 
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 33, sentence 78

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were cousins, and as their mothers were great friends, and constantly in and out of each other’s houses, they had often been laid in the same cradle, and had played and fought over their games.

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**Who acts:** kinds · **What happens:** be, lay, play, fight · **To what, where:** cousins, great friends, kinds, same cradle

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 33. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kinds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:33:78
# text = They were cousins, and as their mothers were great friends, and constantly in and out of each other’s houses, they had often been laid in the same cradle, and had played and fought over their games.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	cousins	cousin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	mothers	mother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	constantly	constantly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
17	out	out	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	’s	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
22	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
25	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
26	often	often	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	cradle	cradle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	conj	_	_
39	over	over	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | kinds *= kind* | cousins and great friends |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | kinds *= kind* *not said here* | great friends |  |  |  | as kinds's mothers | tree rules |
| 3 | **lay** | past · perfect · passive |  | kinds *= kind* |  | the same cradle |  | often *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in cradle=Destination |
| 4 | **play** | past · perfect | kinds *= kind* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **fight** | past | kinds *= kind* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | over kinds's games | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.theme NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent over game=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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