---
title: ‘Let us take to making shoes,’ said Manawyddan, ‘for there are not a… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘Let us take to making shoes,’ said Manawyddan, ‘for there are not any among the shoemakers bold enough to fight us.’ Who acts: us, Manawyddan. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 35, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 35, sentence 22

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‘Let us take to making shoes,’ said Manawyddan, ‘for there are not any among the shoemakers bold enough to fight us.’

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**Who acts:** us, Manawyddan · **What happens:** let, take, make, say, be, fight · **To what, where:** us, shoes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (us, Manawyddan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:35:22
# text = ‘Let us take to making shoes,’ said Manawyddan, ‘for there are not any among the shoemakers bold enough to fight us.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
3	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	Manawyddan	Manawyddan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
13	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	16	expl	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	any	any	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
19	among	among	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	shoemakers	shoemaker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	parataxis	_	_
22	bold	bold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
23	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	advcl	_	_
26	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | infinitive |  | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | gerund | us *not said here* | shoes |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset shoe=Product |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Manawyddan |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | among the shoemakers | tree rules |
| 6 | **fight** | to-infinitive |  | us |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Co-Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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