---
title: And his horse cast up four sods with his four hoofs, like four swall… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: And his horse cast up four sods with his four hoofs, like four swallows in the air about his head, now above, now below. Who acts: horse. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 38, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 38, sentence 39

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And his horse cast up four sods with his four hoofs, like four swallows in the air about his head, now above, now below.

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**Who acts:** horse · **What happens:** cast up · **To what, where:** four sods

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Checked tree.** This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (`gutenberg:pg3454:3420`): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:38:39
# text = And his horse cast up four sods with his four hoofs, like four swallows in the air about his head, now above, now below.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cast	cast	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	sods	sod	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	hoofs	hoof	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	swallows	swallow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	about	about	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	_
24	above	above	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	27	advmod	_	_
27	below	below	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast up** | past | youth's horse | four sods |  |  |  | like four swallows in the air about youth's head; with youth's four hoofs; above, below *property* | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sod=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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