---
title: And as he spake Goreu the son of Custennin cut off his head, as if h… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: And as he spake Goreu the son of Custennin cut off his head, as if had been ordained, and Arthur’s hosts returned each man to his own country. Who acts: Yspaddaden, son, hosts. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 40, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 40, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And as he spake Goreu the son of Custennin cut off his head, as if had been ordained, and Arthur’s hosts returned each man to his own country.

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**Who acts:** Yspaddaden, son, hosts · **What happens:** speak, cut off, ordain, return · **To what, where:** Goreu, head, man, own country · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Yspaddaden, son, hosts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:40:15
# text = And as he spake Goreu the son of Custennin cut off his head, as if had been ordained, and Arthur’s hosts returned each man to his own country.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spake	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
5	Goreu	Goreu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Custennin	Custennin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	ordained	ordain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	Arthur	Arthur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	’s	's	PART	POS	_	22	case	_	_
24	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
25	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
26	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	27	det	_	_
27	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
30	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Yspaddaden | Goreu |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut off** | past | the son of Custennin | Yspaddaden's head |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector head=Eventuality |
| 3 | **ordain** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect · passive | the son of Custennin *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP» |
| 4 | **return** | past | Arthur's hosts | each man |  | Yspaddaden's own country |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent man=Theme to country=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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