---
title: ‘Alas! yes,’ said the miller, ‘last night the wolves have eaten our… — The Lilac Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘Alas! yes,’ said the miller, ‘last night the wolves have eaten our fattest ram there by the kiln not far from here.’ Who acts: kiln. A sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 7, sentence 131

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‘Alas! yes,’ said the miller, ‘last night the wolves have eaten our fattest ram there by the kiln not far from here.’

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**Who acts:** kiln · **What happens:** say, eat · **To what, where:** miller, wolves · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kiln), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3454:7:131
# text = ‘Alas! yes,’ said the miller, ‘last night the wolves have eaten our fattest ram there by the kiln not far from here.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Alas	alas	INTJ	UH	_	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
4	yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	miller	miller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl:unmarked	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	ccomp	_	_
18	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	fattest	fat	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	20	amod	_	_
20	ram	ram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
21	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	kiln	kiln	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	26	advmod	_	_
26	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	17	advmod	_	_
27	from	from	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | the miller |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | present · perfect · passive | the kiln | the wolves |  | there | night | far *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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