---
title: The gardener’s son went back to say good-by to the old beggar-woman;… — The Blue Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The gardener’s son went back to say good-by to the old beggar-woman; then he said to the bronze ring: Who acts: son. A sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Bronze Ring, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Blue Fairy Book, The Bronze Ring, sentence 77

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The gardener’s son went back to say good-by to the old beggar-woman; then he said to the bronze ring:

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**Who acts:** son · **What happens:** go back, say · **To what, where:** good, bronze ring · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Bronze Ring. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg503:2:77
# text = The gardener’s son went back to say good-by to the old beggar-woman; then he said to the bronze ring:
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	’s	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
9	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
15	beggar	beggar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	21	advmod	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	bronze	bronze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go back** | past | the gardener's son |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | the gardener's son *not said here* | good |  |  |  | by the old beggar woman | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent good=Topic |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | son |  | the bronze ring |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to ring=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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