---
title: He was young, and gay, and handsome, and knew everything that a prin… — The Blue Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He was young, and gay, and handsome, and knew everything that a prince ought to know; and as for his courage, there was simply no end to it. Who acts: two, prince, end. A sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The White Cat, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# The Blue Fairy Book, The White Cat, part 1, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was young, and gay, and handsome, and knew everything that a prince ought to know; and as for his courage, there was simply no end to it.

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**Who acts:** two, prince, end · **What happens:** be, know · **To what, where:** everything

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This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The White Cat, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two, prince, end), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg503:23:11
# text = He was young, and gay, and handsome, and knew everything that a prince ought to know; and as for his courage, there was simply no end to it.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	gay	gay	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	handsome	handsome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	12	obj	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obj	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
17	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	25	case	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	fixed	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
27	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	28	expl	_	_
28	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
29	simply	simply	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
30	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	31	det	_	_
31	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | two |  |  |  |  | young *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | two *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | two *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **know** | past |  | everything |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer everything=Stimulus |
| 5 | **know** | ought | a prince | everything *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |
| 6 | **be** | past | no end to courage |  |  | there |  | as two's courage | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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