---
title: Cassim, who had heard the trampling of their horses’ feet, resolved… — The Blue Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Cassim, who had heard the trampling of their horses’ feet, resolved to sell his life dearly, so when the door opened he leaped out and threw the Captain down. Who acts: Cassim, door, feet. A sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Forty Thieves, with its dependency tree and the pragmat
---

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# The Blue Fairy Book, The Forty Thieves, sentence 47

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cassim, who had heard the trampling of their horses’ feet, resolved to sell his life dearly, so when the door opened he leaped out and threw the Captain down.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cassim, door, feet · **What happens:** hear, resolve, sell, open, leap out, throw down · **To what, where:** trampling, feet, life, Captain

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Forty Thieves. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cassim, door, feet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg503:34:47
# text = Cassim, who had heard the trampling of their horses’ feet, resolved to sell his life dearly, so when the door opened he leaped out and threw the Captain down.
1	Cassim	Cassim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	acl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	trampling	trampling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	’	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	resolved	resolve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	sell	sell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	dearly	dearly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	so	so	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
22	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	25	advmod	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	leaped	leap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	advcl	_	_
28	out	out	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	Captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
33	down	down	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past · perfect | Cassim | the trampling of mules's horses's feet |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer trampling=Stimulus |
| 2 | **resolve** | participle |  | mules's horses's feet *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sell** | to-infinitive |  | Cassim's life |  |  |  | dearly *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme |
| 4 | **open** | past | the door |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **leap out** | participle | Cassim |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **throw down** | past | the door *not said here* | the Captain |  |  |  | down *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent captain=Theme |
| 7 | **trample** |  | mules's horses's feet |  |  |  |  |  | nom trampling «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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