---
title: The door was opened by the slave Morgiana, whom he knew to be both b… — The Blue Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The door was opened by the slave Morgiana, whom he knew to be both brave and cunning. Who acts: slave, Cassim. A sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Forty Thieves, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Blue Fairy Book, The Forty Thieves, sentence 56

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The door was opened by the slave Morgiana, whom he knew to be both brave and cunning.

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**Who acts:** slave, Cassim · **What happens:** open, know, be · **To what, where:** door, slave · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Forty Thieves. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (slave, Cassim), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg503:34:56
# text = The door was opened by the slave Morgiana, whom he knew to be both brave and cunning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	opened	open	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	slave	slave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	Morgiana	Morgiana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	obj	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	cop	_	_
15	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc:preconj	_	_
16	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	ccomp	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	cunning	cunning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past · passive | the slave | the door |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Theme |
| 2 | **know** | past | Cassim | the slave |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | brave *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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