---
title: Grettel began to cry bitterly, but it was of no use; she had to do w… — The Blue Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Grettel began to cry bitterly, but it was of no use; she had to do what the wicked witch bade her. Who acts: Grettel, fat, witch. A sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Hansel and Grettel, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Blue Fairy Book, Hansel and Grettel, sentence 96

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Grettel began to cry bitterly, but it was of no use; she had to do what the wicked witch bade her.

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**Who acts:** Grettel, fat, witch · **What happens:** begin, cry, be, have, do

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This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Hansel and Grettel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Grettel, fat, witch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg503:35:96
# text = Grettel began to cry bitterly, but it was of no use; she had to do what the wicked witch bade her.
1	Grettel	Grettel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	cry	cry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
12	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	obj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
21	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	bade	bade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
23	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | Grettel |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | to-infinitive | Grettel *not said here* |  |  |  |  | bitterly *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | fat |  |  |  |  | of no use | tree rules |
| 4 | **have** | past | witch |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **do** | to-infinitive | witch *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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