---
title: His bad friends, when they heard him, resolved to turn his wrath upo… — The Blue Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: His bad friends, when they heard him, resolved to turn his wrath upon an old nobleman who had formerly been his tutor; and who still dared sometimes to tell the Prince of his faults, for he loved him as if he had been his own son. Who acts: bad friends, old nobleman, brother. A sentence of «The Blue
---

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# The Blue Fairy Book, Prince Darling, sentence 78

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His bad friends, when they heard him, resolved to turn his wrath upon an old nobleman who had formerly been his tutor; and who still dared sometimes to tell the Prince of his faults, for he loved him as if he had been his own son.

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**Who acts:** bad friends, old nobleman, brother · **What happens:** hear, resolve, turn, have, be, dare · **To what, where:** brother, wrath, tutor, Prince · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Prince Darling. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bad friends, old nobleman, brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg503:39:78
# text = His bad friends, when they heard him, resolved to turn his wrath upon an old nobleman who had formerly been his tutor; and who still dared sometimes to tell the Prince of his faults, for he loved him as if he had been his own son.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	resolved	resolve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	wrath	wrath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	nobleman	nobleman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
19	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
21	formerly	formerly	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
22	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	cop	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	tutor	tutor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj	_	_
28	still	still	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	dared	dare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
30	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	29	advmod	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	xcomp	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	faults	fault	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
39	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
40	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
41	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	conj	_	_
42	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	obj	_	_
43	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	50	case	_	_
44	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	43	fixed	_	_
45	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	50	nsubj	_	_
46	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	_
47	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	50	cop	_	_
48	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
49	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	amod	_	_
50	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | brother's bad friends | brother |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 2 | **resolve** | past | brother's bad friends *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **turn** | to-infinitive | brother's bad friends *not said here* | brother's wrath |  |  |  | upon a old nobleman | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wrath=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | past | a old nobleman |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is a** | participle |  | brother's tutor |  |  |  | formerly *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **dare** | past |  |  |  |  | still | sometimes *property* | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  | the Prince of brother's faults |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent prince=Recipient |
| 8 | **love** | past | brother | prince |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 9 | **is** | past · perfect | brother |  |  |  |  | as brother's own son | tree rules |
| 10 | **fault** |  | brother |  |  |  |  |  | nom fault «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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