---
title: Once upon a time there was a man who had a meadow which lay on the s… — The Blue Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Once upon a time there was a man who had a meadow which lay on the side of a mountain, and in the meadow there was a barn in which he stored hay. Who acts: man, meadow, barn. A sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Princess on the Glass Hill, with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# The Blue Fairy Book, The Princess on the Glass Hill, sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Once upon a time there was a man who had a meadow which lay on the side of a mountain, and in the meadow there was a barn in which he stored hay.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, meadow, barn · **What happens:** be, have, lie, store · **To what, where:** meadow, side, hay, barn

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Princess on the Glass Hill. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, meadow, barn), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg503:48:1
# text = Once upon a time there was a man who had a meadow which lay on the side of a mountain, and in the meadow there was a barn in which he stored hay.
1	Once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	advmod	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
6	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	meadow	meadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	meadow	meadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
26	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	27	expl	_	_
27	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	barn	barn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	obl	_	_
32	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	stored	store	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	acl:relcl	_	_
34	hay	hay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a man |  |  | there |  | once *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | past | a man | a meadow |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meadow=Patient |
| 3 | **lie** | past | a meadow |  |  | the side of a mountain |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on side=Location |
| 4 | **be** | past | a barn |  |  | the meadow; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in meadow=Location |
| 5 | **store** | past | man | hay |  | a barn |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hay=Theme in which=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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