---
title: It almost breaks my heart to think of all you have suffered, and I o… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: It almost breaks my heart to think of all you have suffered, and I only wish I had known it sooner, as I should have come to your rescue at once.’ Who acts: reward, you, I, your. A sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Pig, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# The Red Fairy Book, The Enchanted Pig, sentence 106

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It almost breaks my heart to think of all you have suffered, and I only wish I had known it sooner, as I should have come to your rescue at once.’

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** reward, you, I, your · **What happens:** break, think, suffer, wish, know, come · **To what, where:** heart, reward, rescue · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Pig. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (reward, you, I, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg540:12:106
# text = It almost breaks my heart to think of all you have suffered, and I only wish I had known it sooner, as I should have come to your rescue at once.’
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	obl	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	suffered	suffer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	only	only	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	wish	wish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	ccomp	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	sooner	soon	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
26	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	aux	_	_
28	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	parataxis	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	rescue	rescue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	at	at	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | present | reward | my heart |  |  |  | almost *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer heart=Patient |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | reward *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of all | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **suffer** | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **wish** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 5 | **know** | past · perfect | I | reward |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 6 | **come** | should · perfect | I |  |  | your rescue |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to rescue=Initial\_Location |
| 7 | **rescue** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom rescue «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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