--- title: But hearing the birds chirping to their mates among the trees made h… — The Red Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: But hearing the birds chirping to their mates among the trees made her think with longing of her husband, and she wept bitterly, and taking her child in her arms, and her bundle of chicken bones on her shoulder, she entered the wood. Who acts: hearing, mother, bundle, husband. A sentence of «The Red --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/12/160/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Red Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/) / [The Enchanted Pig](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/12/) / 160 # The Red Fairy Book, The Enchanted Pig, sentence 160 But hearing the birds chirping to their mates among the trees made her think with longing of her husband, and she wept bitterly, and taking her child in her arms, and her bundle of chicken bones on her shoulder, she entered the wood. **Who acts:** hearing, mother, bundle, husband · **What happens:** hear, chirp, make, think, weep, take · **To what, where:** birds, mates, mother, child, arms, wood This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Enchanted Pig. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hearing, mother, bundle, husband), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg540:12:160 # text = But hearing the birds chirping to their mates among the trees made her think with longing of her husband, and she wept bitterly, and taking her child in her arms, and her bundle of chicken bones on her shoulder, she entered the wood. 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 2 hearing hear VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 12 csubj _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 chirping chirp VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 6 to to ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 mates mate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 among among ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 12 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 13 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ _ 14 think think VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 xcomp _ _ 15 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 longing longing NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 husband husband NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 wept weep VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 24 bitterly bitterly ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 taking take VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 12 parataxis _ _ 28 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 child child NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 arms arm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 35 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 bundle bundle NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nsubj _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 chicken chicken NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 compound _ _ 39 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nmod _ _ 40 on on ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 shoulder shoulder NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 45 entered enter VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 wood wood NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 48 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | gerund | | the birds | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus | | 2 | **chirp** | gerund | | | birds's mates | | | among the trees | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to mate=Recipient | | 3 | **make** | past | hearing | mother | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **think** *speech: other* | infinitive | mother *not said here* | | | | | with longing of mother's husband | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **weep** | past | mother | | | | | bitterly *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **take** | gerund | | mother's child | | mother's arms | | | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent child=Value in arm=Location | | 7 | **enter** | past | mother's bundle of chicken bones on mother's shoulder | the wood | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wood=Destination | | 8 | **long** | | mother's husband | | | | | | nom longing «feeling intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 159](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/12/159/) - next →: [sentence 161](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/12/161/) - ↑ back to [The Enchanted Pig](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/12/)